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CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT AGREEMENT amended and restated as of June 1, 2001, between each of the Putnam Funds listed in Schedule A, each of such Funds acting on its own behalf separately from all the other Funds and not jointly or jointly and severally with any of the other Funds (each of the Funds being hereinafter referred to as the "Fund"), and Putnam Fiduciary Trust Company (the "Custodian"). WHEREAS, the Custodian represents to the Fund that it is eligible to serve as a custodian and foreign custody manager for a management investment company registered under . . .